The CO2/brine equilibrium contact angles were generally higher than H2/brine equilibrium, suggesting that CO2 could be used as favorable cushion gas to maintain formation pressure during UHS. The shale's H2 sealing capacity decreased with increasing pressure, increasing depth and TOC values. The H2 column height that can be securely trapped by the shale and capillary pressures were calculated. In this study, semi-empirical correlations were used to compute the equilibrium contact angles of H2/brine on five shale samples with various total organic content (TOC) at various pressures (5–20 MPa) and at 343 K. However, hydrogen wettability of shale formations, which determines the sealing capacity of the caprock, has not been examined in detail. To understand the movement of hydrogen plume at subsurface, hydrogen wettability of storage rocks has been recently investigated from the contact angles rock-H2-brine systems. Large-scale underground hydrogen storage (UHS) appears to play an important role in the hydrogen economy supply chain, hereby supporting the energy transition to net-zero carbon emission. Usage patterns for the site will be discussed.
Data from the site have found applications in industrial, research, and educational settings. The next phase of the evolution of the site will be the addition of tools to aid researchers in getting data from the site. Several challenges were encountered in the development of systems and conventions for concisely and accurately displaying chemical data on the Internet. A major goal of the project was to provide convenient access to all types of chemical data. These features make the site an excellent tool for data evaluation. Most of the collections in the site provide extensive coverage of the literature in their field and include relevant metadata such as the experiment type or important auxiliary data. Automated tools are used to check data prior to its inclusion in the web site. Thermochemical properties of many reactions that support enthalpy of formation values are provided. The thermochemical data available include enthalpies of formation, enthalpies of phase transitions, and heat capacities. The site was established in 1996 and has grown to encompass a wide variety of thermochemical, ion energetics, solubility, and spectroscopic data. The NIST Chemistry WebBook () is an Internet site that provides access to chemical and physical property data both from NIST and other sources.
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